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This outlook provides a focused assessment of the state of public capital in the major European countries and identifies areas where public investment could contribute more to stable and sustainable growth. A European Public Investment Outlook brings together contributions from a range of international authors from diverse intellectual and professional backgrounds, providing a valuable resource for the policy-making community in Europe to feed their discussion on public investment. The volume both offers sector-specific advice and highlights larger areas which should be prioritized in the policy debate (from transport to social capital, R&D and the environment).The Outlook is structured into two parts: the chapters of Part I respectively explore public investment trends in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and Europe as a whole, and illuminate how the legacy of the 2008 Global Financial Crisis is one of insufficient public investment. Part II investigates some areas into which resources could be channelled to reverse the recent trend and provide European economies with an adequate public capital stock.The essays in this outlook collectively foster a broad approach to and definition of public investment, that is today more relevant than ever. Offering up a timely and clear case for the elimination of bias against investment in European fiscal rules, this outlook is a welcome contribution to the European debate, aimed both at policy makers and general readers.

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The parties of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) attained the Paris Agreement to tackle climate change and to strengthen the actions required for a sustainable transition towards an environmentally friendly future. This transition will involve holistic approaches and multifaceted societal shifts, requiring answers and collaboration between private, public, and academic sectors. This book gathers together contributions which study the transition towards a more sustainable future, involving and identifying the development and implications of more sustainable alternatives, in collaboration with all relevant stakeholders (e.g. communities, firms, policy makers, researchers, etc.), to achieve this transition. The approaches proposed are all concerned with a common perspective: imaging our globe with a greener picture, built upon a transversal sustainable revolution to clean up the Earth.

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Macroeconomic policy is one of the most important policy domains, and the tools of macroeconomics are among the most valuable for policy makers. Yet there has been, up to now, a wide gulf between the level at which macroeconomics is taught at the undergraduate level and the level at which it is practiced. At the same time, doctoral-level textbooks are usually not targeted at a policy audience, making advanced macroeconomics less accessible to current and aspiring practitioners.

This book, born out of the Masters course the authors taught for many years at the Harvard Kennedy School, fills this gap. It introduces the tools of dynamic optimization in the context of economic growth, and then applies them to a wide range of policy questions – ranging from pensions, consumption, investment and finance, to the most recent developments in fiscal and monetary policy. It does so with the requisite rigor, but also with a light touch, and an unyielding focus on their application to policy-making, as befits the authors’ own practical experience.

Advanced Macroeconomics: An Easy Guide is bound to become a great resource for graduate and advanced undergraduate students, and practitioners alike.

 

“A tour de force. Presenting modern macro theory rigorously but simply, and showing why it helps understand complex macroeconomic events and macroeconomic policies.” — Olivier Blanchard (Peterson Institute, Professor Emeritus at MIT, and former Chief Economist and Director of Research at the IMF)

“This terrifically useful text fills the considerable gap between standard intermediate macroeconomics texts and the more technical text aimed at PhD economics courses. The authors cover the core models of modern macroeconomics with clarity and elegance, filling in details that PhD texts too often leave out. At the same time, the authors draw on their own extensive policy experience to provide thoughtful policy motivation and historical context throughout. Advanced undergraduates, public policy students and indeed many economics PhD students will find it a pleasure to read, and a valuable long-term resource.” — Kenneth Rogoff (Thomas D. Cabot Professor of Public Policy and Professor of Economics at Harvard University, former Chief Economist and Director of Research at the IMF)

“This is an excellent and highly rigorous yet accessible guide to fundamental macroeconomic frameworks that underpin research and policy making in the world. The content reflects the unique perspective of authors who have worked at the highest levels of both government and academia. This makes the book essential reading for serious practitioners, students, and researchers.” — Gita Gopinath (John Zwaanstra Professor of International Studies and of Economics at Harvard University, Chief Economist and Director of Research at the IMF)

“The words Advanced and Easy rarely belong together, but this book gets as close as possible. It covers macroeconomics from the classic fundamentals to the fancy and creative innovations necessary to anyone interested in keeping up with both the policy and the academic worlds.” — Arminio Fraga (former president, Central Bank of Brazil)

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Macroeconomic policy is one of the most important policy domains, and the tools of macroeconomics are among the most valuable for policy makers. Yet there has been, up to now, a wide gulf between the level at which macroeconomics is taught at the undergraduate level and the level at which it is practiced. At the same time, doctoral-level textbooks are usually not targeted at a policy audience, making advanced macroeconomics less accessible to current and aspiring practitioners.

This book, born out of the Masters course the authors taught for many years at the Harvard Kennedy School, fills this gap. It introduces the tools of dynamic optimization in the context of economic growth, and then applies them to a wide range of policy questions – ranging from pensions, consumption, investment and finance, to the most recent developments in fiscal and monetary policy. It does so with the requisite rigor, but also with a light touch, and an unyielding focus on their application to policy-making, as befits the authors’ own practical experience.

Advanced Macroeconomics: An Easy Guide is bound to become a great resource for graduate and advanced undergraduate students, and practitioners alike.

 

“A tour de force. Presenting modern macro theory rigorously but simply, and showing why it helps understand complex macroeconomic events and macroeconomic policies.” — Olivier Blanchard (Peterson Institute, Professor Emeritus at MIT, and former Chief Economist and Director of Research at the IMF)

“This terrifically useful text fills the considerable gap between standard intermediate macroeconomics texts and the more technical text aimed at PhD economics courses. The authors cover the core models of modern macroeconomics with clarity and elegance, filling in details that PhD texts too often leave out. At the same time, the authors draw on their own extensive policy experience to provide thoughtful policy motivation and historical context throughout. Advanced undergraduates, public policy students and indeed many economics PhD students will find it a pleasure to read, and a valuable long-term resource.” — Kenneth Rogoff (Thomas D. Cabot Professor of Public Policy and Professor of Economics at Harvard University, former Chief Economist and Director of Research at the IMF)

“This is an excellent and highly rigorous yet accessible guide to fundamental macroeconomic frameworks that underpin research and policy making in the world. The content reflects the unique perspective of authors who have worked at the highest levels of both government and academia. This makes the book essential reading for serious practitioners, students, and researchers.” — Gita Gopinath (John Zwaanstra Professor of International Studies and of Economics at Harvard University, Chief Economist and Director of Research at the IMF)

“The words Advanced and Easy rarely belong together, but this book gets as close as possible. It covers macroeconomics from the classic fundamentals to the fancy and creative innovations necessary to anyone interested in keeping up with both the policy and the academic worlds.” — Arminio Fraga (former president, Central Bank of Brazil)

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The main thrust of this book is to examine whether Africa is in a position to benefit from the digital age, given the continent’s many development challenges and slow adoption of digital technologies. While there is substantial literature on the digital economy and the quickening pace of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), comparatively little research has been conducted on what the digital age means for Africa. This book aims to close this research gap by using various qualitative and quantitative research methodologies to arrive at a cross-section of original findings and perspectives on how Africa can capitalise on the benefits of digital developments, including their potential to create jobs and bring about more inclusive growth. The book’s main contribution is its coverage of a range of topics that will affect Africa’s digital future, including industrialisation, global value chains, transport and logistics, trade facilitation, labour-market dynamics, employment and education. The theme of digital trade forms a backdrop to many of the chapters, along with references to the COVID-19 pandemic. The book acknowledges that although African countries should learn from international best practices, they need to chart their own course according to their own particular circumstances. By adopting a digital mindset, countries should be able to diversify economically and extend their market reach across the continent. Furthermore, while Africa should be looking to the future and determining how digital technologies can become effective tools of sustainable development, the continent has much catching up to do.

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Aftershocks was written in the midst of the deepest economic crisis since the Great Depression. Although it would be premature to presume to identify the repercussions of the crisis, it is clear that it will have profound aftershock effects in the political, economic, and social spheres. The book contains essays based on semi-structured interviews with leading scholars, European politicians and representatives from the world of business. They reflect on the origins of the crisis as well as the possible social, economic, and political transformations it may engender.

Aftershocks werd geschreven op het hoogtepunt van de grootste economische crisis sinds de grote depressie. Hoewel het voorbarig zou zijn aan te nemen dat de gevolgen van de crisis al in volle omvang duidelijk zijn, is het overduidelijk dat zij ingrijpende effecten zal hebben op politiek, economisch en sociaal gebied. Het boek bevat essays gebaseerd op interviews met vooraanstaande geleerden, Europese politici en vertegenwoordigers uit de wereld van het bedrijfsleven. Zij vertellen over de oorsprong van de crisis, maar ook over de mogelijke sociale, economische en politieke veranderingen die zij zal voortbrengen. Deze reflecties laten zien dat terugkeer naar de oplossingen voor de crisis van de jaren 1980 en 90, noch de herinrichting naar voorbeeld van de jaren 1950 en 60 de oplossingen bieden die wij nodig hebben om op binnenlands of mondiaal niveau deze crisis aan te pakken. Nodig blijkt namelijk dat de rol van de overheid en politieke soevereiniteit opnieuw uitgevonden moet worden om zo de crisis het hoofd te kunnen bieden. Een selectie uit de bijdragen: - Econoom Willem Buiter (LSE) spoort ons aan de unieke kansen die de crisis biedt om markten opnieuw te reguleren niet voorbij te laten gaan. Als nationale en internationale beleidsmakers niet nu handelen, bestaat het gevaar dat de instabiliteit van vóór de crisis terugkeert. - Politieke wetenschapper Suzanne Berger (MIT) laat zien wat de nationale ruimte voor sociale en economische verandering is in een langere periode van lage groei. - Oud-voorzitter van de Europese Commissie Jacques Delors ziet in de crisis een verkapte zegen. Een periode van lage groei dwingt politici te zoeken naar andere succesindicatoren dan het bruto nationaal product, zoals op het gebied van milieu en welzijn. - Econoom Barry Eichengreen (Berkeley) zet de huidige crisis af tegen de Grote Depressie van de jaren dertig en de stagflatiecrisis van de jaren zeventig. Ook schetst hij de politieke en economische voorwaarden voor herstel. - Politieke wetenschapper Peter A. Hall (Harvard) stelt dat de crisis bij uitstek ook een politiek probleem is: de staat moet op zoek naar nieuwe legitimiteit. - Econoom Dani Rodrik (Harvard) pleit voor een 'kapitalisme 3.0' dat economische globalisering en nationale diversiteit met elkaar in balans brengt. - Socioloog Richard Sennett (LSE) vindt dat de crisis de morele superioriteit van het vrije-marktdenken heeft ondermijnd maar tegelijkertijd kansen biedt voor een betere verdeling van welvaart en welzijn. Deze, en nog veel meer kwesties komen aan bod in essays van Tony Atkinson, Nancy Birdsall, Amy Chua, Amitai Etzioni, Paul de Grauwe, Anthony Giddens, André Sapir, Mark Elchardus, Jean-Paul Fitoussi, Charles Maier, Dominique Moïsi, Stephen Roach, Maria João Rodrigues, Helmut Schmidt, David Soskice, Fritz Scharpf en Loukas Tsoukalis. Aftershocks wordt ingeleid door Anton Hemerijck. Het boek sluit af met een beschouwing van Ben Knapen.

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Während sowohl die funktionale Gewaltenteilung als auch der föderative Staatsaufbau zu den unangefochtenen Grundprinzipien des demokratischen Deutschland zählen, wird die vertikale Kompetenzausstattung der Gebietskörperschaften regelmäßig kritisch diskutiert. Politik nach dem Subsidiaritätsprinzip erfährt insbesondere seit dem (Maastricht-) Vertrag über die Europäische Union eine Renaissance und wird zunehmend auch von ökonomischen Effizienzüberlegungen geleitet.Der Autor zeigt in der vorliegenden Arbeit mit Hilfe eines theoretisch und empirisch unterstützten Ansatzes, daß organisatorischer Fortschritt bei der Umsetzung von Umweltpolitik möglich ist. Es werden Empfehlungen entwickelt, die dazu dienen, Maßnahmen der Agrarumweltpolitik hinsichtlich ihrer Kompetenzallokation zu überprüfen. Empirisch wird gezeigt, daß für lokale und regionale Umweltexternalitäten dezentrale Problemlösungen in abgrenzbaren Territorien formuliert werden können. Für das Boden- und Naturschutzrecht sowie freiwillige Agrarumweltmaßnahmen ist zu empfehlen, horizontale Kooperationen innerhalb solcher Regionen anzuregen, die in Form von Informationsaustausch oder auch gemeinsamen Politikmaßnahmen umgesetzt werden können. Zugleich trägt die Arbeit zur Konkretisierung und Operationalisierung abstrakter Prinzipien der "Ökonomischen Theorie des Föderalismus" bei. Mit dem Agrarsektor wird ein Wirtschaftsbereich analysiert, der wegen seiner überwiegend flächengebundenen Produktion erhebliche und häufig in der (Kultur-)Landschaft sichtbare Raumwirkungen entfaltet. Die Übertragbarkeit der Methodik auf Untersuchungsräume unterschiedlicher Ausdehnung, weitere Umweltprobleme sowie Wirtschaftszweige und Politikbereiche zeichnet eine vielversprechende Perspektive für zukünftige Anwendungsfelder der "empirischen Föderalismusforschung" auf.

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Artificial intelligence (AI) is regarded as the science and technology for producing an intelligent machine, particularly, an intelligent computer program. Machine learning is an approach to realizing AI comprising a collection of statistical algorithms, of which deep learning is one such example. Due to the rapid development of computer technology, AI has been actively explored for a variety of academic and practical purposes in the context of financial markets. This book focuses on the broad topic of “AI and Financial Markets”, and includes novel research associated with this topic. The book includes contributions on the application of machine learning, agent-based artificial market simulation, and other related skills to the analysis of various aspects of financial markets.

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Transculturality is a new way of viewing culture that sees cultures not as separate islands that are easily differentiated from one another, but as connected and interacting webs of meaning and practice. The Americas in particular offer many examples of transcultural identities that do not fit easily into one national or ethnic mold: Chicanos, Franco-Ontarians, Creoles, and second and third generation immigrants. From Quebec to Argentina, this volume explores these identities which create themselves in a space between sameness and difference.

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In recent years, there has been a fast growth in the application of long-memory processes to underlying assets including stock, volatility index, exchange rate, etc. The fractional Brownian motion is the most popular of the long-memory processes and was introduced by Kolmogorov in 1940 and later by Mandelbrot in 1965. It has been used in hydrology and climatology as well as finance. The dynamics of the volatility of asset price or asset price itself were modelled as a fractional Brownian motion in finance and are called rough volatility models and the fractional Black–Scholes model, respectively. Fractional diffusion processes are also used to model the dynamics of underlying assets. The option price under the fractional diffusion setting induces fractional partial differential equations involving the fractional derivatives with respect to the time and the space, respectively. Some closed-form solutions might be found via transform methods in some cases of applications, and numerical methods to solve fractional partial differential equations are being developed. This Special Issue focuses on empirical studies as well as option pricing. The empirical studies consist of multifractal analyses of stock market and volatility index. Multifractal analyses include cross-correlation multifractal analysis, multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis, and other fractional analyses. Meanwhile, option pricing focuses on the fractional Black–Scholes models and their variants, including the fuzzy fractional Black–Scholes model, uncertain fractional differential equation, and model with fractional-order feature.

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In a world dominated by uncertainty, modeling and understanding the optimal behavior of agents is of the utmost importance. Many problems in economics, finance, and actuarial science naturally require decision makers to undertake choices in stochastic environments. Examples include optimal individual consumption and retirement choices, optimal management of portfolios and risk, hedging, optimal timing issues in pricing American options, and investment decisions. Stochastic control theory provides the methods and results to tackle all such problems. This book is a collection of the papers published in the Special Issue “Applications of Stochastic Optimal Control to Economics and Finance”, which appeared in the open access journal Risks in 2019. It contains seven peer-reviewed papers dealing with stochastic control models motivated by important questions in economics and finance. Each model is rigorously mathematically funded and treated, and the numerical methods are employed to derive the optimal solution. The topics of the book’s chapters range from optimal public debt management to optimal reinsurance, real options in energy markets, and optimal portfolio choice in partial and complete information settings. From a mathematical point of view, techniques and arguments of dynamic programming theory, filtering theory, optimal stopping, one-dimensional diffusions and multi-dimensional jump processes are used.

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While no pre-unification Italian state ever possessed colonies beyond the Strait of Gibraltar, the Mediterranean peninsula was linked to the Americas and Africa through a variety of entanglements. Weaving networks that crossed political boundaries, merchants profited from manifold economic opportunities – including the Atlantic slave trade, which, from its beginnings in the 15th century to its demise in the 19th century, attracted considerable investments from the Italies. Mariners, scholars, clerics, and aristocrats served the empires of various European powers, whereas others – such as mendicant friars – carved out room for manoeuvre that transcended imperial agendas. City dwellers and peasants discovered new foodstuffs and acquired an increasingly global consumer culture. By challenging narratives moulded by methodological nationalism, this book explores how such connections shaped the Italian Peninsula and contributes to a new trans-imperial perspective on the Atlantic world.

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When we look at all the challenges facing the world, including inequality, population migration, and climate change, we can see a role for development banking in nearly all of them. But will that role be played for good or ill? This book brings together two people who collectively draw on their forty-five years of experience in that world to argue that development banking can-and must-play a constructive role. <BR><BR>We only need to read the news to find public outrage at tales of short-sighted greed in the financial world. But what happens when banks invest in long-term sustainability? Readers will find a fascinating example in the journey of the Dutch development bank FMO. At times global in perspective, at other moments intimately personal, Banking for a Better World interweaves candid anecdotes with development history, as well as banking lessons with client interviews, to deliver a powerful argument for a business model that generates profit through impact, and impact through profit. <BR><BR>This is an important and accessible must-read for anyone involved in banking, business, policy making, and civil society as a whole. <i>Banking for a Better World</i> challenges us to start finding overlaps between our own lives and global issues and to bridge the distance between our personal needs and those of our planet.

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How do interacting decision-makers make strategic choices? If they’re rational and can somehow predict each other’s behavior, they may find themselves in a Nash equilibrium. However, humans display pervasive and systematic departures from rationality. They often do not conform to the predictions of the Nash equilibrium, or its various refinements. This has led to the growth of behavioral game theory, which accounts for how people actually make strategic decisions by incorporating social preferences, bounded rationality (for example, limited iterated reasoning), and learning from experience. This book brings together new advances in the field of behavioral game theory that help us understand how people actually make strategic decisions in game-theoretic situations.

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In 1946, the World Health Organisation defined health as a state of physical, mental and social well-being. In this broad sense, the concept extends beyond the sole domain of medical expertise and encompasses a wide range of fields. The social and solidarity economy is thus directly concerned with the good health of all, producers and consumers alike, including within the healthcare sector. Closely linked to social determinants (living conditions, the environment in which people live, the organisation of healthcare provision), holistic health is approached through the social dynamics of mutual aid and solidarity, arising from the participation of local stakeholders and residents.

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Big data are changing the way we work. This book conveys a theoretical understanding of big data and the related interactions on a socio-technological level as well as on the organizational level. Big data challenge the human resource department to take a new role. An organization’s new competitive advantage is its employees augmented by big data.

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The concept of resilience has arisen as a “new way of thinking”, becoming a response to both the causes and effects of ongoing global challenges. As it strongly stresses cities’ transformative potential, resilience’s final purpose is to prevent and manage unforeseen events and improve communities’ environmental and social quality. Although the resilience theory has been investigated in depth, several methodological challenges remain, mainly related to the concept’s practical sphere. As a matter of fact, resilience is commonly criticised for being too ambiguous and empty of meaning. At the same time, turning resilience into practice is not easy to do. This will arguably be one of the most impactful global issues for future research on resilience. The Special Issue “Bridging the Gap: The Measure of Urban Resilience” falls under this heading, and it seeks to synthesise state-of-the-art knowledge of theories and practices on measuring resilience. The Special Issue collected 11 papers that address the following questions: “What are the theoretical perspectives of measuring urban resilience? What are the existing methods for measuring urban resilience? What are the main features that a technique for measuring urban resilience needs to have? What is the role of measuring urban resilience in operationalising cities’ ability to adapt, recover and benefit from shocks?”

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The business model concept has gained a prominent position both in academia and among practitioners during the past 30+ years. The aim of this Special Issue of Systems is to contribute to a stronger theoretical basis for the business model concept. This includes a focus on the systemic character of business models and the systems approaches that this entails. Another important aspect is to allocate more attention to innovations of business models. The business models that emerged with e-commerce and e-business as such were in themselves innovations. However, innovations of business models have received too little attention. Most of the business models analyzed and discussed in the business model literature have been rather static instead of dynamic. This is the reason why this Special Issue of Systems, entitled ‘Business Model—the Perspective of Systems Thinking and Innovation’, has been developed.

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Business Research Methods is a course of study in several Master level programs like M.B.A., M.Com., M.S.W., etc and also for Ph.D., M.Phil., in all type of social sciences courses. It is a course of study in several Under Graduation level like B.Com., B.B.A., B.S.W., B.A., in all type of social sciences courses. And it is also a course of all professional diploma courses offered by Universities. The course of Business Research Methods is often a theory course to both the students and the faculties. There are, of course, a few good publications on methodology of research, but they are mostly discipline-specific and do not cover all aspects of methodology and statistical analysis. The contents of the book are completely covered with theoretical part. It has grown out of our vast and rich experiences in guiding and evaluating research project students in Doctoral, M.Phil., Masters, Under Graduate and Diploma levels. We are immensely thankful to the Skyfox Publishing Group for publishing this book on their official website. Suggestions for the improvement of the book are always welcome.

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Managing nonperforming loans constitutes one of the greatest challenges in the Ecuadorian financial system, especially for microfinance institutions, whose social role goes beyond merely granting credit. This book provides a deep and up-to-date analysis of the relationship between delinquency and profitability in Ecuadorian banking, with an emphasis on the experience of the Quevedo Agency of Banco D-Miro in Ecuador during 2023. Through a comprehensive approach, it examines the structural causes behind the increase in delinquency, including the impact of inflation, loss of household income, and over-indebtedness, factors that affect clients’ ability to pay and compromise institutional financial indicators. The study reveals that, although the agency managed to recover 82.99% of overdue loans, weaknesses persist in areas such as the collection rate (65.90%) and refinancing (20.59%), highlighting the need to implement more effective strategies. In this context, the research proposes innovative solutions: portfolio segmentation by risk levels, reducing the average collection period to less than 60 days, technical cleanup of uncollectible loans through predictive models, and incentive schemes for collection staff. These measures aim not only to improve financial indicators but also to strengthen trust between the institution and its clients, reinforcing a culture of shared responsibility within the microfinance system. Beyond the numbers, this book emphasizes that delinquency should be understood as a challenge that drives organizational transformation. Managing nonperforming loans with strategic vision and social sensitivity not only increases profitability but also ensures that microfinance continues to fulfill its essential mission: promoting financial inclusion, supporting entrepreneurship, and contributing to the sustainable development of Ecuadorian communities. This work thus becomes an essential reference for academics, banking executives, and public policy makers.

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Circular solutions are essential to tackle the eminent challenges of depleting resources and emerging environmental problems. The complex nature of material and energy systems and the changing of economic and technological conditions differ among countries and, therefore, lead to the application of vastly different practices in developed and rapidly developing countries of the world. A wide variety of theoretical approaches can be used to facilitate a shift from the linear use of resources to circular systems, e.g., circular product planning, life cycle planning, sharing and platform economy, refurbishing, and remanufacturing, to name but a few. The introduction and examination of circular solutions can be based on theoretical models in order to guarantee ensure successful application. Successful application of innovative technology approaches, business solutions, and organizational development can be facilitated through theoretical models and new scientific results that support innovation processes. This Special Issue reprint focuses on sustainable and innovative methods which help and enable the proper use and recovery of resources. We present a collection of research papers, reviews, research reports, and case studies that introduce or discuss circular solutions for the sustainable use of resources.

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Asia and the Pacific have become the growth engine of the world economy with the contribution of two-third of the global growth. The book discusses current issues in economics, business, and accounting in which economic agents, as individuals, entrepreneurs and professionals, as well as countries in the Asia and Pacific regions compete and collaborate with each other and with the rest of the globe. Areas covered in the book include economic development and sustainability, labor market competition, Islamic economic and business, marketing, finance, accounting standard compliances, and taxation. It will help shed light on what business and economic scholars in regions have done in terms of research and knowledge development, as well as the new frontiers of research that have been explored and opening up.

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Older adults outnumbering children; Gerontology/geriatrics; Aging world population; The study of ageism; Ageism is the most prevalent form of discrimination

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Compared with other industries, scientific publishing has a centuries-old tradition. However, it is currently the development of digital information and communication technologies in probably the biggest upheaval since the invention of the printing press. Björn Ortelbach deals with the impact of technological development in the scientific publishing industry from a business point of view. In the first part of the book he analyzes how value added cost structures and business models of publishers change. The second part of the book deals with the impact of these changes on the control of these companies. Based on the previously worked out specifics of the industry design proposals for the use of controlling mechanisms are developed.

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This special issue comprises 12 papers published in the Special Issue entitled “Corporate Finance and Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Practices”, addressing a wide range of topics related to the following: corporate reporting (sustainability reporting; environmental accounting information disclosure and financial risk; compulsory preliminary profit and loss disclosure and stock prices; capital expenditure and ESG disclosure; and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) disclosure and the cost of equity capital); essential drivers of enterprise value (the mediating role of ESG scores in the association between board gender diversity and firm values; promoters’ holdings, institutional holdings, the dividend payout ratio and firm value; leverage and firm values; sustainable finance, capital and firm values); the impact of agency issues, as well as ESG, socially responsible investing (SRI), ethical investing, and impact investing, on corporate performance; and perspectives concerning the way the automobile sector is evolving to produce zero-emission vehicles.

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This reprint concerns methods of data analysis for risk management in economics, finance, and business. The presented papers contain research on data analysis methods, including classical statistical methods, and machine learning methods that have emerged from statistics and are being effectively applied using high-speed computers, considering the availability of big data.

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Grounded in empirically-based country case studies, this new study provides a sober assessment of what decentralisation can achieve. The current momentum for decentralisation of government in Africa and elsewhere in the developing world is unparalleled, but are the benefits claimed by its advocates being realised? Focusing on two claims in particular, this book questions whether decentralisation does offer a significant pathway out of poverty and conflict in Africa. Issues of poverty reduction are addressed in Uganda, Ghana, Malawi and Tanzania, while those of conflict management are explored in Mauritius, Namibia, South Africa, Uganda and Rwanda.

'Decentralisation in Afrika' is een sobere beoordeling van wat decentralisatie precies kan bereiken. Decentralisatie van overheden in Afrikaanse landen en elders in de derde wereld krijgt de laatste tijd een impuls, vaak gedreven door Multilaterale en bilaterale instanties (de 'donoren'). Maar worden de voordelen hiervan wel gerealiseerd? In dit boek worden vraagtekens gezet bij de kwestie of decentralisatie wel een gunstige uitweg biedt voor de armoede en het conflict in Afrika.

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<P>Die Südosteuropa-Studien werden von der in München ansässigen Südosteuropa-Gesellschaft, der wichtigsten Wissenschaftsorganisation der Südosteuropa-Forschung im deutschsprachigen Raum, herausgegeben. Sie dienen der vertieften und interdisziplinären wissenschaftlichen Darstellung wichtiger Themen aus der Südosteuropa-Forschung. Auch Fragen zur aktuellen politischen und sozio-ökonomischen Entwicklung in der Region Südosteuropa werden aufgegriffen. Herausgeber der Einzelbände sind renommierte Repräsentanten der deutschen und internationalen Südosteuropa-Forschung.</P>

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Der Zins-Pass-Through, also die Geschwindigkeit, mit der Geschäftsbanken einen Geldmarktimpuls an ihre Kunden weitergeben, ist aus zwei Gründen wirtschaftspolitisch relevant. Zum einen ist er eine wichtige Determinante für die Wirksamkeit der Geldpolitik, da er die erste Stufe der geldpolitischen Transmission darstellt. Zum anderen lässt er auf den Wettbewerb auf dem Bankenmarkt schließen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die Weitergabe von Zinsimpulsen in theoretischer, institutioneller und empirischer Hinsicht untersucht. Ein besonderes Augenmerk liegt dabei auf der Frage, ob sich Großbanken, Sparkassen, Kreditgenossenschaften und Regionalbanken in ihrer Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit unterscheiden. Dabei werden jeweils die Zinsen von vier Retail-Produkten geprüft. Zunächst wird der theoretische Rahmen der empirischen Messung entwickelt. Flankierend werden die aus der Literatur bekannten Determinanten des Zins-Pass-Through zusammengestellt. An ihnen orientiert werden die vier Institutsgruppen verglichen. Die empirische Analyse erfolgt im Rahmen eines Panel-Fehlerkorrekturmodells. Insgesamt zeigen die Schätzungen, dass Großbanken und Sparkassen fast gleich - und deutlich schneller als Regional- und vor allem Genossenschaftsbanken - auf Geldmarktimpulse reagieren. Erklärt werden kann dies durch institutionelle Unterschiede und die jeweilige Ausrichtung auf Geschäftsfelder und Kundengruppen. Bei den Sparkassen wären jedoch größere Ähnlichkeiten mit den Kreditgenossenschaften als mit den Großbanken zu vermuten gewesen. Die sofortige Anpassung der Hypothekenzinsen in allen untersuchten Bankengruppen kann als Hinweis darauf gelten, dass der Wettbewerb im deutschen Bankenmarkt grundsätzlich funktioniert, allerdings je nach Produkt in unterschiedlicher Intensität.

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This publication provides an overview of the last thirty years of Dutch policy and policy thinking in the area of privatization and market forces.

Het Nederlandse beleid en beleidsdenken van de afgelopen drie decennia op het terrein van privatisering, verzelfstandiging en marktwerking vormde een antwoord op ingrijpende veranderingen in de economie, de samenleving en de overheid. Het volgde daarnaast ontwikkelingen in de economische en bestuurskundige wetenschappen, die een herwaardering van de markt en een afwaardering van de overheid behelsden. Hoewel veelal pragmatisch en stapsgewijs doorgevoerd, was er sprake van een groot vertrouwen in de verwachte positieve effecten van het ingezette beleid en de eenvoud waarmee het beleid tot deze resultaten zou leiden. Als de praktijk anders uitpakte dan de beloftes van de theorie, werd dit doorgaans geweten aan onvolkomenheden bij het in de praktijk brengen van de theorie, niet aan de theorie zelf. En al werd het beleid in de loop der tijd zeker aangescherpt, er werd nooit sterk afgeweken van het ingeslagen pad. Mede door dit nieuwe beleid heeft zich een 'stille revolutie' voltrokken, gekenmerkt door een ingrijpende wijziging in de verhouding markt, overheid en samenleving en een significante transformatie van deze drie domeinen: meer (en andere) markt, andere overheid, andere samenleving.

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<P>Die Südosteuropa-Studien werden von der in München ansässigen Südosteuropa-Gesellschaft, der wichtigsten Wissenschaftsorganisation der Südosteuropa-Forschung im deutschsprachigen Raum, herausgegeben. Sie dienen der vertieften und interdisziplinären wissenschaftlichen Darstellung wichtiger Themen aus der Südosteuropa-Forschung. Auch Fragen zur aktuellen politischen und sozio-ökonomischen Entwicklung in der Region Südosteuropa werden aufgegriffen. Herausgeber der Einzelbände sind renommierte Repräsentanten der deutschen und internationalen Südosteuropa-Forschung.</P>

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<P>Die Südosteuropa-Studien werden von der in München ansässigen Südosteuropa-Gesellschaft, der wichtigsten Wissenschaftsorganisation der Südosteuropa-Forschung im deutschsprachigen Raum, herausgegeben. Sie dienen der vertieften und interdisziplinären wissenschaftlichen Darstellung wichtiger Themen aus der Südosteuropa-Forschung. Auch Fragen zur aktuellen politischen und sozio-ökonomischen Entwicklung in der Region Südosteuropa werden aufgegriffen. Herausgeber der Einzelbände sind renommierte Repräsentanten der deutschen und internationalen Südosteuropa-Forschung.</P>

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<P>Die Südosteuropa-Studien werden von der in München ansässigen Südosteuropa-Gesellschaft, der wichtigsten Wissenschaftsorganisation der Südosteuropa-Forschung im deutschsprachigen Raum, herausgegeben. Sie dienen der vertieften und interdisziplinären wissenschaftlichen Darstellung wichtiger Themen aus der Südosteuropa-Forschung. Auch Fragen zur aktuellen politischen und sozio-ökonomischen Entwicklung in der Region Südosteuropa werden aufgegriffen. Herausgeber der Einzelbände sind renommierte Repräsentanten der deutschen und internationalen Südosteuropa-Forschung.</P>

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This book is for all those who are seeking a human perspective on economic and organizational processes. It lays the foundations for a value based approach to the economy.

The key questions are: “What is important to you or your organization?” “What is this action or that organization good for?”

The book is directed at the prevalence of instrumentalist thinking in the current economy and responds to the calls for another economy.

Another economy demands another economics. The value based approach is another economics; it focuses on values and on the most important goods such as families, homes, communities, knowledge, and art. It places economic processes in their cultural context.

What does it take to do the right thing, as a person, as an organization, as a society? What is the good to strive for? This book gives directions for the answers.

The value based approach restores the ancient idea that quality of life and of society is what the economy is all about. It advocates shifting the focus from quantities (“how much?”) to qualities (“what is important?”).

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This book is for all those who are seeking a human perspective on economic and organizational processes. It lays the foundations for a value based approach to the economy.

The key questions are: “What is important to you or your organization?” “What is this action or that organization good for?”

The book is directed at the prevalence of instrumentalist thinking in the current economy and responds to the calls for another economy.

Another economy demands another economics. The value based approach is another economics; it focuses on values and on the most important goods such as families, homes, communities, knowledge, and art. It places economic processes in their cultural context.

What does it take to do the right thing, as a person, as an organization, as a society? What is the good to strive for? This book gives directions for the answers.

The value based approach restores the ancient idea that quality of life and of society is what the economy is all about. It advocates shifting the focus from quantities (“how much?”) to qualities (“what is important?”).

Listed by Unglue.it.

This book is for all those who are seeking a human perspective on economic and organizational processes. It lays the foundations for a value based approach to the economy.

The key questions are: “What is important to you or your organization?” “What is this action or that organization good for?”

The book is directed at the prevalence of instrumentalist thinking in the current economy and responds to the calls for another economy.

Another economy demands another economics. The value based approach is another economics; it focuses on values and on the most important goods such as families, homes, communities, knowledge, and art. It places economic processes in their cultural context.

What does it take to do the right thing, as a person, as an organization, as a society? What is the good to strive for? This book gives directions for the answers.

The value based approach restores the ancient idea that quality of life and of society is what the economy is all about. It advocates shifting the focus from quantities (“how much?”) to qualities (“what is important?”).

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The future is often portrayed as a place of hope and progress. Yet, when we look at the present where algorithms shape our decisions, emotions, and identities, that vision seems increasingly distant. If the current trajectory continues, the future may resemble a dystopia more than the ideal we’ve been promised. In a world where marketing has helped design this reality, perhaps marketing can also help us rethink it. This book introduces Transandalist Marketing as a society-oriented approach that encourages reflection, responsibility, and renewal. It does not offer definitive solutions, but it asks a question worth considering: If marketing is society-oriented, why haven’t we become a better society?

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This Special Issue comprises original research contributions on the changing landscape of sustainability policies and their economic and social impacts. The first paper duscusses the ‘green growth’ and ‘de-growth’ recipes for global climate change. The other ten papers address the transition policies of two major actors of the world system: the European Union (five papers) and China (five papers). The papers show that, in spite of the huge differences between the EU27 and China, in both cases, environmental and climate energy policies, as well as circular economy policies, can be effective in driving the sustainability transition or some of its core processes. Effectiveness emerges for a broad range of different policy approaches. A clear-cut conclusion emerging from the papers is that innovation, technological, social or institutional, is the key lever to make policies effective.

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Does an increase in lending by multinational development banks affect the private lending activity in developing countries? This paper shows that this is indeed the case using data on loans and investments by the EIB in combination with data on syndicated loans. We find that a pronounced increase in EIB operations is followed by a surge in the number and volumes of syndicate loans in countries outside the European Union. Our results suggest that multinational banks can incentivise private sector lending by playing an important role in signalling to private markets that borrowers in emerging and developing countries are safe.

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After the global financial crisis, investment fell more substantially than it had in the wake of previous recessions. With investment seemingly recovering faster in the United States than in Europe, the fear of a lasting gap emerged in Europe. This detailed analysis compares the investment dynamics and capital accumulation in the United States and the European Union, focusing on 2013-2019. It uses data from Eurostat and EU KLEMS releases to highlight the gaps and variations in investment strategies across different countries and asset types. The working paper provides key insights into the investment rates, growth of real gross fixed capital formation, and accumulation of stocks. It reveals an investment gap primarily due to lower rates in tangible information and communication technology and intangible assets after the global financial crisis, particularly in larger EU Member States. In addition, the report provides an in-depth analysis of diverse asset types and their role in the investment dynamics. It uncovers the European Union’s strength in construction assets and its persistent gaps in information and communications technology and intangible assets, indicating a need to increase investments in these areas. Furthermore, the analysis discloses the heterogeneity within the European Union, with countries like Ireland, Czech Republic, and Sweden leading in investment rates, while others, including the Netherlands, Germany, Italy, and Spain, falling behind. This working paper is a tool for understanding the nuances of global investment trends and for formulating effective strategies to address identified gaps. It offers guidance and insights for policymakers, investors, and businesses operating in the global economic environment.

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This book, which we present to our dear readers, is special in two aspects. The first is that this book includes studies prepared by the academic members and assistants who continue their academic activities in various universities of our country, on the developments and applications in the fields of econometrics and its components, statistics, and operations research. The studies including current issues in the field of econometrics, which is a dynamic and advancing discipline, are a guide for academicians and postgraduate students who want to apply empirical analyses. Another feature of the book is that it is dedicated to our valuable teacher, Prof. Dr. Ahmet M. GÖKÇEN. He graduated from Istanbul University, Faculty of Economics in 1968, became a research assistant in the same faculty in 1972, an Associate Professor in 1982, and a Professor in the field of econometrics in 1988. He led the establishment of econometrics departments in our country and the inclusion of the econometrics course in the curricula of our Economics and Finance Departments, along with Prof. Dr. Ahmet KILIÇBAY. Prof. Dr. Ahmet M. GÖKÇEN has taught Quantitative Economics and Econometrics at the Faculty of Economics for many years and has numerous published articles. Along with being a faculty member, he has worked in various administrative levels at Istanbul University and government throughout his career. He served as Undersecretary of the Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources between 1993–1996 and as the Minister Counselor of the Ministry of Transportation and the Ministry of State between 1986–1992. He served as a board member of Karadeniz Copper Enterprises (1989–1990), Ereğli Iron and Steel Factories (1989–1990), and HAVAŞ (1988–1998). Our professor, who served as the head of the Department of Econometrics of the Faculty of Economics for many years also took part in various boards of the Faculty of Economics during this period. Working at various administrative levels in Istanbul University, he has been the Director of the Computer Application and Research Center (1996–2007; 2009–2011) and Director of the Social Sciences Institute (2005–2007). Between 2009–2011, he served as the Vice Rector of Istanbul University and retired in 2011. Prof. Dr. Ahmet M. GÖKÇEN continues working as the Vice Rector of Rumeli University and Dean of the Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences. In addition to his academic support, he became a model in human relations for us with his kindness and style and will continue influence us in our memories.

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“Emerging Trends in and Strategies for Industry 4.0 During and Beyond Covid-19” is an all-encompassing scholarly referenced book which is comprised of original and previously unpublished research articles and chapters that would provide cutting-edge, multidisciplinary research and expert insights on advancing technologies and new strategies being used in businesses settings as well as for administrative and leadership roles in organizations during and beyond Covid-19 in perspective of Industry 4.0. The goal of this volume is to provide an overview of how Covid-19 businesses settings as well as for administrative and leadership roles in organizations studies. The Covid-19 outbreak has given an unprecedented shock to the global economy. It has also laid bare the vulnerabilities of many practices that had overtime become defining and sacrosanct features of our economic systems. In particular, business management and administrative have come under scrutiny as different production facilities are closed down, demand patterns shifted, and mobility of goods came to a virtual halt. Concerns have been noted about overreliance on firms to meet even the most basics of our needs. Disruptions caused by the Covid-19 outbreak to supply needs of customers have inflicted immense hardships upon firms and communities globally. It is incumbent upon management scholars to reflect upon this distressful situation, develop knowledge and devise strategies to help overcome the crisis. The world was already moving towards industry 4.0, but the global pandemic of Covid-19 has really rushed the things up. In different aspects of life in general and business in particular, optimized computerization, digitalization and artificial intelligence are being used with never seen- before speed and impact. It has brought with it unique challenges and opportunities. This book looks into the challenges and business opportunities in industry 4.0, trends it is setting, and research and strategies for its successful implementation. Covering a wide range of topics including community engagement, human resource management, data management, economy, R&D, communication, agile production, organizational behaviours and mobile learning, this publication provides insights into technological advancements with business administrative applications and examines forthcoming implementation strategies.

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Recent developments in the natural gas industry warrant new analysis of related issues. Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) investments have accelerated the shift away from coal as the dominant source of electricity. Its low environmental impact, reduced volume, and broad availability make liquefied natural gas (LNG) a popular alternative, during this time of transition between traditional fuels and newer options. In the United States, the shale gas revolution has made natural gas a game changer. In this book, we focus on empirical analyses of the natural gas market and its growing relevance worldwide.

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It is a great satisfaction to close my cycle contributing to the strengthening of the profession of Business Administration, in my capacity as Executive Director of the Professional Council of Business Administration - CPAE during the years 2012 - 2022; even more from the effort that from this council has been made year after year with the aim of energizing bets for the positioning of its professionals and supporting research on reflections of their work in the territories.

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Social entrepreneurship refers to the organizational environment in which it operates, the social enterprise, as "An organization driven by a social or environmental purpose. As in any business, the company competes to deliver goods and services. The difference is that the social purpose is at the heart of what they do, and the profits they make are reinvested towards achieving this social purpose or mission."

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The advent of the fourth industrial revolution, Industry 4.0, brings about both opportunities and challenges that are likely to set developed economies even farther apart from emerging economies. This book, through the perspective of researchers in the emerging markets, presents analyses on a number of issues important to entrepreneurial finance, such as debt financing, mergers and acquisitions, stock market efficiency, resource allocation and consumption, and sustainable development. It aims at improving our understanding of the financing needs as well as the financial risks involved in entrepreneurial endeavors in less developed settings in the new era.

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Entrepreneurship is the process of identifying, creating, and pursuing innovative opportunities that bring new solutions to market. In an increasingly dynamic global economy, discovering new ways to approach traditional challenges and unmet needs is essential for fostering economic growth, technological advancement, and social change. This paper explores the evolving landscape of entrepreneurship, focusing on strategies for discovering new opportunities, building sustainable business models, and navigating the complexities of today’s business environment. The study highlights key approaches to entrepreneurial discovery, including opportunity recognition, market research, and creative problem-solving. Emphasis is placed on the importance of an entrepreneurial mindset that values risk-taking, adaptability, and continuous learning. The role of innovation, disruptive technologies, and the identification of market gaps are discussed as critical factors in the development of successful ventures. The paper also explores the significance of entrepreneurship in social impact, with an increasing focus on purpose-driven businesses that address global challenges, such as sustainability and social inequality. Additionally, the paper examines how emerging trends in digital technologies, such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, and the gig economy, are reshaping entrepreneurial opportunities. It also discusses the importance of collaboration, networking, and access to resources like venture capital and mentorship in helping entrepreneurs bring their ideas to fruition.

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This work presents the results of a comprehensive study on the influence of strategic management on the competitiveness of manufacturing microenterprises in the Southern Zone of Manabí, Ecuador. The book addresses a highly relevant topic, as microenterprises form the backbone of the local and regional economy but face significant challenges in remaining competitive in an environment marked by volatility, constant innovation, and global market pressures. The study highlights how the lack of a clear vision, limited environmental analysis, inadequate implementation of support policies, and weak adaptation of organizational culture are structural problems that affect microenterprises’ ability to formulate and execute effective strategies. Using a quantitative methodological approach with validated and reliable surveys applied to 62 individuals from 31 companies, the book analyzes strategy formulation, implementation, and evaluation, as well as the relationship between these practices and business competitiveness. As a proposal, it emphasizes the need to strengthen strategic management through clear, customized, and sustainable processes tailored to the characteristics and resources of each microenterprise. The results reveal significant correlations between organizational culture, performance evaluation, motivating vision, and customer knowledge, along with differentiated strategic profiles identified through principal component and cluster analyses. The work concludes that strategic management is not a luxury but an essential factor for achieving sustainable competitive advantages, improving efficiency, optimizing resources, and fostering economic development. This book offers a valuable guide for both researchers and entrepreneurs seeking to transform microenterprises into resilient and competitive organizations.

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Nowadays, organizations face an increasingly changing and competitive market, and to remain in it they must not only design and implement strategies to achieve greater efficiency in their production process, but they must also produce and offer goods or services that satisfy the tastes, desires and needs of present and future consumers, where a very close relationship must be established with them to get to know their requirements. Marketing is one of the business functions that must keep up with these requirements. Marketing as a process has the tools to identify and communicate the benefits offered by a business to its target market, and focuses on creating strategies to achieve it.

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This book is the product of research work called “Estrategias Empresariales para la Asoción de Mujeres Rurales de Colombia y el Caqueta (ASMUCOCA)” (Business Strategies for the Association of Colombia’s and Caqueta’s Rural Women - ASMUCOCA - in English), which has two chapters, the first of which addresses topics such as: Business strategy and the solidarity economy, in which it is explained what business strategies are; business strategies in the solidarity economy; and the significance of planning in the business strategies of solidarity economy’s organizations. It also refers to the ASMUCOCA case study, which is carried out under the methodology of strategic planning. The second chapter relates the proposal of strategies to be developed in each functional area of ASMUCOCA, this proposal is based on the results of the strategic planning, which scales down to the tactical planning to improve the productivity level of solidarity economy’s organizations.

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The development experience in the world over the last century has shown that economic growth cannot be sustained without taking into consideration the social and political development of vulnerable populations, including greater recognition of minority rights. Within this context, the objective of this book is initially to support the interdisciplinary discussion that aims to join studies that surrounding the development of minorities in the Asia.

Azië is economisch gezien een van de snelst groeiende regio's in de wereld. Dit geldt vooral voor Oost- en Zuidoost- Aziatische landen als China en Vietnam. Toch zijn er tegelijkertijd grote regionale verschillen in welvaart. Huhua Cao stelt dat gelijkberechtiging van de etnische minderheden een voorwaarde is voor de verdere economische bloei van deze regio's. De emancipatie van die minderheden is een enorme uitdaging waar veel Aziatische samenlevingen op dit moment voor staan. Huhua Cao wil met zijn boek een interdisciplinaire discussie op gang brengen over die emancipatie. De gevarieerde hoofdstukken in deze bundel dragen daar het nodige aan bij.

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